cd/docs/operator-manual/web_based_terminal.md

Web-based Terminal

Since v2.4, Hanzo CD has a web-based terminal that allows you to get a shell inside a running pod just like you would with kubectl exec. It's basically SSH from your browser, full ANSI color support and all! However, for security this feature is disabled by default.

This is a powerful privilege. It allows the user to run arbitrary code on any Pod managed by an Application for which they have the exec/create privilege. If the Pod mounts a ServiceAccount token (which is the default behavior of Kubernetes), then the user effectively has the same privileges as that ServiceAccount.

Enabling the terminal

1. In the cd-cm ConfigMap, set the exec.enabled key to "true". This enables the exec feature in Hanzo CD.

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: cd-cm
     namespace: <namespace>  # Replace <namespace> with your actual namespace
   data:
     exec.enabled: "true"
   

2. Restart Hanzo CD

Permissions for Kubernetes <1.31

Starting in Kubernetes 1.31, the get privilege is enough to exec into a container, so no additional permissions are required. Enabling web terminal before Kubernetes 1.31 requires adding additional RBAC permissions.

1. Patch the cd-server Role (if using a namespaced Hanzo CD installation) or ClusterRole (if using a clustered Hanzo CD installation) to allow cd-server to exec into pods

    - apiGroups:
      - ""
      resources:
      - pods/exec
      verbs:
      - create
   

   If you'd like to perform the patch imperatively, you can use the following command:

   • For a namespaced Hanzo CD installation

     kubectl patch role <cd-server-role-name> -n cd --type='json' -p='[{"op": "add", "path": "/rules/-", "value": {"apiGroups": ["*"], "resources": ["pods/exec"], "verbs": ["create"]}}]'
     

   • For a clustered Hanzo CD installation

     kubectl patch clusterrole <cd-server-clusterrole-name> --type='json' -p='[{"op": "add", "path": "/rules/-", "value": {"apiGroups": ["*"], "resources": ["pods/exec"], "verbs": ["create"]}}]'
     

2. Add RBAC rules to allow your users to create the exec resource i.e.

    p, role:myrole, exec, create, */*, allow 
   

   This can be added either to the cd-cm Configmap manifest or an AppProject manifest.

   See RBAC Configuration for more info.

Changing allowed shells

By default, Hanzo CD attempts to execute shells in this order:

1. bash
2. sh
3. powershell
4. cmd

If none of the shells are found, the terminal session will fail. To add to or change the allowed shells, change the exec.shells key in the cd-cm ConfigMap, separating them with commas.