frames/skills/frames-animation/rules/orbit-3d-entry.md

name, description, metadata

name	description	metadata
orbit-3d-entry	Elements flip in from 3D space then settle into continuous elliptical orbit around a focal point.	tags orbit, 3d, flip, ellipse, circular, icon, entry, continuous

Orbit with 3D Entry

Elements flip in from 3D space (rotateX + rotateY + negative z) then settle into a continuous elliptical orbit around a center label. Distinct from one-shot reveals — the orbit keeps running, driven by a 0→1 progress tween INSIDE the timeline (never rAF).

How It Works

Per element, two phases: (1) a back.out flip from a hidden 3D orientation to flat — in place at its orbital starting position (see Critical Constraints); (2) a continuous orbit where onUpdate computes x/y from cos/sin(initialAngle + p·2π) on the ellipse. The stage needs perspective on the scene root and preserve-3d on stage + items, or the flip flattens to a 2D scale.

Recipe

<!-- inside a standard scene clip (frames-core) -->
<div class="orbit-stage">
  <div class="orbit-item" data-angle="0">{glyph1}</div>
  <div class="orbit-item" data-angle="60">{glyph2}</div>
  <!-- … evenly-spaced angles … -->
  <div class="orbit-center">{centerLabel}</div>
</div>

.scene-root {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  perspective: 1800px; /* REQUIRED */
}
.orbit-stage {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
}
.orbit-item {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  will-change: transform;
}
.orbit-center {
  position: relative;
  transform: translateZ(220px); /* wins paint order inside preserve-3d */
  z-index: 9999;
}

const items = document.querySelectorAll(".orbit-item");
const RADIUS_Y = RADIUS_X * Y_TO_X_RATIO; // perspective-flattened ellipse

items.forEach((el, i) => {
  const a0 = (Number(el.dataset.angle) / 360) * Math.PI * 2;
  const startX = Math.cos(a0) * RADIUS_X;
  const startY = Math.sin(a0) * RADIUS_Y;

  // 1) Park at the orbital position, hidden — BEFORE any tween fires
  gsap.set(el, {
    xPercent: -50,
    yPercent: -50,
    x: startX,
    y: startY,
    rotateX: ROTATE_X_FROM,
    rotateY: ROTATE_Y_FROM,
    z: Z_FROM,
    opacity: 0,
    scale: SCALE_FROM,
  });

  // 2) Flip in IN PLACE — rotation/opacity/scale only, never translate
  tl.to(
    el,
    {
      rotateX: 0,
      rotateY: 0,
      z: 0,
      opacity: 1,
      scale: 1,
      duration: ENTRY_DUR,
      ease: `back.out(${FLIP_BACK})`,
    },
    i * STAGGER,
  );

  // 3) Continuous orbit — each item gets its OWN progress tween (own initialAngle)
  const orbit = { p: 0 };
  tl.to(
    orbit,
    {
      p: 1,
      duration: ORBIT_DURATION,
      ease: "none",
      onUpdate: () => {
        const a = a0 + orbit.p * Math.PI * 2;
        const x = Math.cos(a) * RADIUS_X;
        const y = Math.sin(a) * RADIUS_Y;
        // capped z-index band [1, 50] — see center-label clearance below
        el.style.zIndex = String(1 + Math.round(((y + RADIUS_Y) / (2 * RADIUS_Y)) * 49));
        el.style.transform = `translate(-50%, -50%) translate(${x}px, ${y}px)`;
      },
    },
    i * STAGGER + ENTRY_DUR,
  );
});

tl.from(
  ".orbit-center",
  { opacity: 0, scale: 0.6, duration: ENTRY_DUR, ease: `back.out(${CENTER_BACK})` },
  CENTER_FADE_AT,
);

Variations

• Collapse to center: a final 1→0 driver multiplies both radii (and item scale) in onUpdate — the ring condenses into the center element; pairs with a CTA "click" igniting the collapse.
• Tilted orbit plane: rotateX(25deg) on .orbit-stage — items visibly arc through the plane.

Values

token	range	notes
RADIUS_X	300–900px	must also clear the center label horizontally (see below)
Y_TO_X_RATIO	0.4–0.7	keep < 1 — a tilted ring, not a frontal halo
ORBIT_DURATION	4–25s per revolution	≥ time on screen, or the tween ends and items freeze
ENTRY_DUR	0.4–0.8s
STAGGER	0.06–0.12s	below reads "popcorn", above reads plodding
FLIP_BACK / CENTER_BACK	1.2–2.0 / 1.2–1.8	calm the center pop if both fire close together
CENTER_FADE_AT	after 2–4 items land	too early competes; too late leaves a hole
ROTATE_X/Y_FROM, Z_FROM	±60–120°, ±45–120°, −200…−400	one consistent rotation direction across items; mixed signs = noise
SCALE_FROM	0.2–0.6
item count	4–12	fewer feels empty, more crowds the center

Critical Constraints

• ❗ Entry must flip IN PLACE at the orbital position, NOT at center — gsap.set each item at (cos(a0)·RADIUS_X, sin(a0)·RADIUS_Y) with opacity: 0 BEFORE adding tweens, then phase 1 animates only rotation/opacity/scale. A fromTo that keeps x/y: 0 flips at the stage center, collides with the center label, then teleports to the orbit when phase 2 starts.
• ❗ Center-label clearance — z-index alone is unreliable inside preserve-3d (paint order follows actual Z): push the label forward with translateZ(220px) + z-index: 9999, cap item z-index to [1, 50], AND size the ring so items clear the label horizontally at every angle: RADIUS_X × min|cos(θ)| ≥ L_w + I_w + breathing_room (label/item half-widths; for 6 items the worst case is cos(30°) ≈ 0.866). A heavier wordmark needs a wider ring.
• Each item gets its OWN orbit tween — a shared targets: ".orbit-item" tween can't carry per-item initialAngle.
• The center element is the headline — the orbit is ornament; if it dominates, grow the center or fade the items down.

See also

center-outward-expansion (burst entry; reversed driver = the collapse finish) · cursor-click-ripple (the click that triggers a collapse) · depth-scatter-assemble (3D entrance that resolves flat instead of orbiting).