papers/hanzo-network-architecture/sections/05-unified-runtime-abstraction.tex

\section{Unified Runtime Abstraction}


\subsection{Design Principles}

The runtime layer (\texttt{hanzo-runtime}) provides a unified interface across heterogeneous execution environments:

\begin{lstlisting}[language=Rust, basicstyle=\small\ttfamily]
pub trait Runtime: Send + Sync {
    async fn deploy(&self, config: DeploymentConfig)
        -> Result<DeploymentId>;
    async fn stop(&self, id: &DeploymentId)
        -> Result<()>;
    async fn scale(&self, id: &DeploymentId,
        replicas: u32) -> Result<()>;
    async fn get_metrics(&self, id: &DeploymentId)
        -> Result<Metrics>;
}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsection{Supported Runtimes}

\subsubsection{Docker}

Direct integration via Bollard client:
\begin{itemize}
\item Image pull from registries
\item Volume management
\item Network configuration
\item Resource limits (CPU/memory/GPU)
\item Blockchain-integrated compute tracking
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{Kubernetes}

Native K8s API integration:
\begin{itemize}
\item Manifest/Helm/Kustomize deployments
\item HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler) support
\item Service mesh compatibility
\item GPU scheduling (NVIDIA device plugin)
\item Cost allocation per namespace
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{WASM}

WasmEdge runtime for lightweight functions:
\begin{itemize}
\item Sub-millisecond cold start
\item Sandboxed execution
\item WASI support
\item 10x lower resource overhead vs. containers
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{Firecracker}

MicroVM support for secure multi-tenancy:
\begin{itemize}
\item Hardware virtualization
\item Per-VM isolation
\item Minimal attack surface
\item Fast boot times ($<$125ms)
\end{itemize}

\subsection{Compute Metering}

Blockchain-native resource accounting:

\begin{equation}
\text{Compute Units} = \text{CPU} \times 10 + \text{Memory}_{\text{GB}} \times 5 + \text{GPU} \times 100
\end{equation}

Runtime-specific multipliers:
\begin{itemize}
\item Docker: $1.0\times$ (baseline)
\item Kubernetes: $1.1\times$ (orchestration overhead)
\item WASM: $0.5\times$ (efficiency bonus)
\item Firecracker: $1.15\times$ (isolation overhead)
\end{itemize}

TEE bonus multipliers:
\begin{itemize}
\item CPU TEE: $1.5\times$
\item GPU CC: $2.0\times$
\end{itemize}

Token mining rate:
\begin{equation}
\text{Tokens per hour} = \text{Compute Units} \times 10
\end{equation}

Validator payments:
\begin{equation}
\text{Validator reward} = \text{Compute cost} \times 0.10
\end{equation}