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27 lines
1.6 KiB
TeX
27 lines
1.6 KiB
TeX
\section{Conclusion}
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The NTT transforms lattice cryptography from theoretically elegant to practically
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deployable. Our Go implementation with AVX2 SIMD achieves within 5\% of the reference C
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implementation, demonstrating that Go is a viable language for production cryptographic
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code when combined with targeted assembly for inner loops.
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The key takeaways:
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\begin{enumerate}[nosep]
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\item Precompute twiddle factors in Montgomery form and bit-reversed order.
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\item Use Montgomery multiplication throughout---never divide by $q$.
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\item Vectorize the butterfly with SIMD: 16 butterflies per AVX2 instruction.
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\item Verify with round-trip and homomorphism fuzz tests.
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\item Profile before optimizing: NTT is the bottleneck, not the surrounding code.
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\end{enumerate}
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\begin{thebibliography}{99}
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\bibitem{cooley1965} Cooley, J.W. and Tukey, J.W. ``An Algorithm for the Machine Calculation of Complex Fourier Series.'' Mathematics of Computation, 1965.
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\bibitem{montgomery1985} Montgomery, P.L. ``Modular Multiplication Without Trial Division.'' Mathematics of Computation, 1985.
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\bibitem{longa2016} Longa, P. and Naehrig, M. ``Speeding up the Number Theoretic Transform for Faster Ideal Lattice-Based Cryptography.'' CANS, 2016.
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\bibitem{seiler2018} Seiler, G. ``Faster AVX2 Optimized NTT Multiplication for Ring-LWE Lattice Cryptography.'' IACR ePrint 2018/039.
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\bibitem{kyber} Avanzi, R. et al. ``CRYSTALS-Kyber: Algorithm Specifications.'' NIST PQC, 2021.
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\bibitem{dilithium} Ducas, L. et al. ``CRYSTALS-Dilithium: Algorithm Specifications.'' NIST PQC, 2021.
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\end{thebibliography}
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