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papers/lux-state-sync/sections/10-comparison-with-existing-protocols.tex
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\section{Comparison with Existing Protocols}
\label{sec:comparison}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
\caption{State sync protocol comparison.}
\label{tab:comparison}
\begin{tabular}{p{2.5cm}p{2cm}p{2cm}p{2cm}p{2cm}p{2cm}}
\toprule
\textbf{Protocol} & \textbf{Lux} & \textbf{Eth Snap} & \textbf{Eth Fast} & \textbf{Cosmos} & \textbf{Solana} \\
\midrule
Chunk align & Trie nodes & Flat + proof & Trie nodes & Flat & Accounts \\
Parallelism & High & High & Low & Medium & High \\
Incremental & Yes & No & No & Yes & No \\
Proof type & Range proof & Range proof & Merkle path & Height proof & None (trust) \\
Proof overhead & $< 1\%$ & $\sim 2\%$ & $\sim 5\%$ & $< 1\%$ & 0\% \\
Resumable & Yes & Yes & No & No & Yes \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\subsection{Key Differentiators}
\paragraph{Versus Ethereum Snap Sync.} Ethereum's snap sync uses flat state iteration with periodic Merkle proofs. Lux's trie-aligned chunking eliminates the need for post-sync trie healing (a separate phase in snap sync that can take hours).
\paragraph{Versus Cosmos State Sync.} Cosmos provides state sync at application-defined checkpoints but lacks range proofs for completeness verification. An adversarial peer could omit state entries without detection until the application encounters missing data.
\paragraph{Versus Solana.} Solana's account-based snapshot sync trusts the serving node for completeness; there are no cryptographic proofs. Lux's range proofs provide trustless verification.