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zeekay
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Restructured from flat .tex/.pdf files into per-paper subdirectories. Added Antje Worring as co-author on all papers. Synced PDFs to pdfs/ for download site.
38 lines
1.2 KiB
TeX
38 lines
1.2 KiB
TeX
\section{zk-EVM Architecture}
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\subsection{zkEVM Design}
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Z-Chain implements a \textbf{Type-3 zkEVM} (EVM-equivalent bytecode):
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item User submits shielded transaction $T$
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\item Sequencer executes $T$ off-chain, generates witness $w$
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\item Prover generates zk-SNARK proof $\pi$:
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\begin{equation}
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\pi \leftarrow \text{Prove}\left(\text{ValidExec}(T, w, \text{state}_{\text{old}}, \text{state}_{\text{new}})\right)
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\end{equation}
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\item L1 verifier checks $\pi$ and updates state commitment
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\end{enumerate}
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\textbf{Privacy Guarantee}: L1 sees only state commitment $C = \text{Hash}(\text{state}_{\text{new}})$, not transaction details.
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\subsection{Proof System}
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\textbf{Circuit Constraints}:
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\begin{itemize}[leftmargin=1.1em]
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\item EVM opcode execution: 2.1M constraints
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\item Merkle proof verification: 850k constraints
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\item Signature verification (ECDSA): 1.5M constraints
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\item Total: \textbf{4.45M constraints}
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\end{itemize}
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\textbf{Performance}:
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\begin{itemize}[leftmargin=1.1em]
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\item Proof generation: 6.8s per transaction
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\item Proof size: 288 bytes (Groth16)
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\item Verification time: 12ms on-chain
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\item Gas cost: 280k per proof
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\end{itemize}
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