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zeekay
abf99d05fc
Restructured from flat .tex/.pdf files into per-paper subdirectories. Added Antje Worring as co-author on all papers. Synced PDFs to pdfs/ for download site.
38 lines
1.7 KiB
TeX
38 lines
1.7 KiB
TeX
\section{Introduction}
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The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the dominant smart contract execution environment,
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powering over \$500B in total value locked across Ethereum and its L2/L3 ecosystem.
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Despite its ubiquity, the EVM's sequential execution model limits single-chain throughput
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to approximately 30--50\,Mgas/s on modern hardware~\cite{pevm,reth}.
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This paper reports measured performance of four acceleration strategies applied to Lux
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Network's EVM implementations:
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item \textbf{GPU opcode execution} via Metal compute shaders on Apple M1 Max, achieving
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85.9\,M opcodes/sec (4.85$\times$ over CPU).
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\item \textbf{Native C++ EVM} (evmone++ fork) with full state, achieving 20.9\,Ggas/s
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(5.1$\times$ over Go EVM).
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\item \textbf{Parallel ecrecover} on 10 CPU cores, achieving 7.1$\times$ speedup on the
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operation consuming 87\% of block processing time.
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\item \textbf{Block-STM parallel execution} for conflict-free transaction batches.
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\end{enumerate}
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All numbers in this paper are measured on real hardware with real workloads. Projected
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values are labeled explicitly.
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\subsection{Contributions}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item First published GPU EVM kernel benchmarks on Apple Metal, with crossover analysis
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showing the exact transaction complexity threshold where GPU wins.
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\item Measured C++ vs Go EVM comparison at 5.1$\times$ with full state layer, not just
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interpreter-only micro-benchmarks.
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\item Profiling-driven analysis proving ecrecover is 87\% of block time, redirecting
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optimization from interpretation to cryptography.
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\item Complete GPU memory scaling model from 10k to 100k transactions.
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\item 1{,}183-test validation suite spanning C++, Rust, Go, Metal, and WGSL.
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\end{enumerate}
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