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Bylines, paper authorship, correspondence addresses and the founder blurb under each post named an individual. They name the organisation that published the work instead: the brand on posts and pages, the research byline on papers, and research@ in place of a personal address. Both are what these repositories already used elsewhere — nothing new was coined. Co-authors are untouched. Where a paper named someone else alongside, they stay named; only the one byline changed. Bibliography entries, running heads, PDF metadata and affiliations move with it, so a citation still resolves to whoever the cited paper names. Sample and fixture data uses the placeholder name these tests already use elsewhere, so no assertion changed meaning.
77 lines
3.0 KiB
TeX
77 lines
3.0 KiB
TeX
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
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\usepackage{../shared/luxcover}
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\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
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\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts,amsthm}
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\usepackage{graphicx}
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\usepackage{hyperref}
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\usepackage{algorithm}
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\usepackage{algpseudocode}
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\usepackage{xcolor}
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\usepackage{booktabs}
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\usepackage{enumitem}
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\hypersetup{colorlinks=true,linkcolor=black,citecolor=blue,urlcolor=blue}
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\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
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\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
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\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
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\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
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\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]
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\newtheorem{remark}{Remark}[section]
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\title{\textbf{Flare Protocol: Certificate Skip Exclusivity\\with Honest Support in DAG Consensus}}
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\author{
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Lux Research\thanks{Corresponding author: [email protected]}\\
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\textit{Lux Industries, Inc.}\\
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\texttt{[email protected]}
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}
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\date{2024}
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\begin{document}
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\luxcoverpage
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\begin{abstract}
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We present the Flare protocol, a conviction-based consensus mechanism that introduces
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the \emph{certificate/skip} paradigm for finality in DAG-structured transaction sets.
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Flare extends the Slush stochastic sampling primitive with a conviction counter that
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tracks consecutive rounds of supermajority agreement. A validator \emph{certifies} a
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transaction when its conviction counter reaches threshold $\beta_2$, producing a
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cryptographic certificate. If the validator's preference switches before certification,
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the counter resets---a \emph{skip}---and the validator must rebuild conviction from zero.
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We prove the \emph{Certificate Skip Exclusivity} (CSE) theorem: in any execution
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with honest supermajority, at most one color can accumulate $\beta_2$ consecutive
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supermajority rounds across the honest validator population, ensuring that conflicting
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certificates cannot coexist. The proof leverages the \emph{honest support invariant}:
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if an honest validator certifies color $c$, then more than $2/3$ of honest validators
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must have supported $c$ during every round of the conviction streak, creating an
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information-theoretic barrier against simultaneous certification of opposing colors.
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We analyze the protocol's resistance to \emph{luring attacks} where the adversary
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attempts to split honest validators by strategic equivocation, proving that the
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probability of successfully creating two certificates for opposing colors is bounded by
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$e^{-\Omega(k\beta_2)}$. Empirical evaluation on a 500-node testnet demonstrates
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sub-second finality with median 6 rounds to certification.
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\end{abstract}
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\tableofcontents
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\newpage
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%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
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%% 1. INTRODUCTION
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%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
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\input{sections/01-introduction}
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\input{sections/02-system-model}
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\input{sections/03-the-flare-protocol}
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\input{sections/04-certificate-skip-exclusivity}
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\input{sections/05-luring-attack-analysis}
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\input{sections/06-comparison-with-wave}
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\input{sections/07-empirical-evaluation}
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\input{sections/08-related-work}
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\input{sections/99-conclusion}
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\end{document}
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