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Auto-fixes from the paper accuracy swarm: unambiguous build-breakers, broken \ref/\cite/\input targets, and prose typos. Substantive accuracy findings (dates, contradictory numbers, LP numbering) reported separately for review.
54 lines
1.6 KiB
TeX
54 lines
1.6 KiB
TeX
\section{Background}
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\subsection{Post-Quantum Cryptography}
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NIST standardized three post-quantum algorithms in 2022 \cite{nist2022}:
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\begin{table}[h]
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{llll}
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\toprule
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\textbf{Algorithm} & \textbf{Type} & \textbf{Sig Size} & \textbf{Security} \\
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\midrule
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ML-DSA (FIPS 204, formerly CRYSTALS-Dilithium) & Lattice & 3,293 bytes & NIST Level 3 \\
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SLH-DSA (FIPS 205, formerly SPHINCS+) & Hash-based & 17,088 bytes & NIST Level 3 \\
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FALCON & Lattice & 1,280 bytes & NIST Level 5 \\
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\bottomrule
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\end{tabular}
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\caption{NIST post-quantum signature schemes}
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\end{table}
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\textbf{Lux choice}: ML-DSA for balance of size and performance, SLH-DSA for stateless long-term security.
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\subsection{Lattice-Based Cryptography}
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ML-DSA security relies on \textbf{Module Learning With Errors (MLWE)}:
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\begin{equation}
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\mathbf{b} = \mathbf{A} \cdot \mathbf{s} + \mathbf{e} \pmod{q}
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\end{equation}
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where:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item $\mathbf{A} \in \mathbb{Z}_q^{k \times \ell}$ is public matrix
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\item $\mathbf{s} \in \mathbb{Z}_q^\ell$ is secret key
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\item $\mathbf{e}$ is small error vector
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\item $\mathbf{b}$ is public key
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\end{itemize}
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\textbf{Hardness}: No known quantum algorithm solves MLWE faster than classical lattice reduction ($2^{128}$ security).
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\subsection{Lux Multi-Consensus}
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Lux employs a family of consensus protocols:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{Wave}: Linear chain, single-slot finality
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\item \textbf{Lux DAG}: DAG-based, parallel execution
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\item \textbf{Quasar}: Optimistic consensus with fraud proofs
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\end{itemize}
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\textbf{Key property}: Metastability-based consensus (unlike Nakamoto or BFT).
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