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zeekay 75a04faa36 papers: best-effort accuracy fixes from swarm (dates, arithmetic, internal consistency, LP numbering)
Resolves high-severity review findings: anachronistic dates aligned to citation
floors; arithmetic corrected to match formulas; internal contradictions
collapsed to the body-supported value; LP self-references aligned to filenames;
liquidity-surface repo paths scrubbed; AI-slop trimmed. PDFs rebuilt separately.
2026-06-27 02:16:34 +00:00

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\section{Performance}
\subsection{Benchmarks}
Measured on Apple M1 Max (10 CPU cores, darwin/arm64, Go~1.26.1).
GPU numbers are estimated; all others are \texttt{go~test~-bench} output~\cite{lux-benchmarks}.
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
\toprule
\textbf{Operation} & \textbf{Time} \\
\midrule
BLS sign & 350\,$\mu$s \\
BLS verify (single) & 820\,$\mu$s \\
BLS aggregated verify ($N$=100) & 875\,$\mu$s \\
ML-DSA-65 sign & 495\,$\mu$s \\
ML-DSA-65 verify (raw) & 181\,$\mu$s \\
ML-DSA-65 verify (via fx) & 254\,$\mu$s \\
ML-DSA-65 verify (cached) & 3\,$\mu$s \\
STARK prover (CPU) & ${\sim}400$\,ms \\
STARK prover (GPU, est.) & ${\sim}5$--$15$\,ms \\
STARK verify (FRI/hash-based, CPU) & ${\sim}1$--$3$\,ms \\
Quasar block processing (BLS+ML-DSA+Corona) & 1.85\,ms \\
\textbf{QuasarCert total CPU verify} & \textbf{${\sim}2$--$5$\,ms} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\subsection{Storage}
At 1ms block times (1,000 blocks/second):
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{lrrr}
\toprule
\textbf{Component} & \textbf{Size} & \textbf{Frequency} & \textbf{Annual} \\
\midrule
Block header & 144 B & 1,000/s & 4.5 TB \\
Epoch proof & 258 B & 1/s & 8.1 GB \\
\midrule
\textbf{Total (without tx data)} & & & \textbf{$\sim$4.5 TB} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
With pruning (retain only epoch proofs after 30 days):
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{lrrr}
\toprule
\textbf{Component} & \textbf{Retained} & \textbf{Annual} \\
\midrule
Recent blocks (30 days) & 144 B $\times$ 1000/s $\times$ 30d & 373 GB \\
Epoch proofs (permanent) & 258 B $\times$ 1/s $\times$ 365d & 8.1 GB \\
\midrule
\textbf{Total (pruned)} & & \textbf{$\sim$381 GB} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}