evm/core/rawdb/database.go

// (c) 2019-2020, Lux Partners Limited.
//
// This file is a derived work, based on the go-ethereum library whose original
// notices appear below.
//
// It is distributed under a license compatible with the licensing terms of the
// original code from which it is derived.
//
// Much love to the original authors for their work.
// **********
// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package rawdb

import (
	"bytes"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"time"

	"github.com/luxdefi/evm/ethdb"
	"github.com/luxdefi/evm/ethdb/leveldb"
	"github.com/luxdefi/evm/ethdb/memorydb"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
)

// nofreezedb is a database wrapper that disables freezer data retrievals.
type nofreezedb struct {
	ethdb.KeyValueStore
}

// NewDatabase creates a high level database on top of a given key-value data
// store without a freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewDatabase(db ethdb.KeyValueStore) ethdb.Database {
	return &nofreezedb{KeyValueStore: db}
}

// NewMemoryDatabase creates an ephemeral in-memory key-value database without a
// freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewMemoryDatabase() ethdb.Database {
	return NewDatabase(memorydb.New())
}

// NewMemoryDatabaseWithCap creates an ephemeral in-memory key-value database
// with an initial starting capacity, but without a freezer moving immutable
// chain segments into cold storage.
func NewMemoryDatabaseWithCap(size int) ethdb.Database {
	return NewDatabase(memorydb.NewWithCap(size))
}

// NewLevelDBDatabase creates a persistent key-value database without a freezer
// moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewLevelDBDatabase(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	db, err := leveldb.New(file, cache, handles, namespace, readonly)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	log.Info("Using LevelDB as the backing database")
	return NewDatabase(db), nil
}

const (
	dbPebble  = "pebble"
	dbLeveldb = "leveldb"
)

// hasPreexistingDb checks the given data directory whether a database is already
// instantiated at that location, and if so, returns the type of database (or the
// empty string).
func hasPreexistingDb(path string) string {
	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(path, "CURRENT")); err != nil {
		return "" // No pre-existing db
	}
	if matches, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(path, "OPTIONS*")); len(matches) > 0 || err != nil {
		if err != nil {
			panic(err) // only possible if the pattern is malformed
		}
		return dbPebble
	}
	return dbLeveldb
}

// OpenOptions contains the options to apply when opening a database.
// OBS: If AncientsDirectory is empty, it indicates that no freezer is to be used.
type OpenOptions struct {
	Type      string // "leveldb" | "pebble"
	Directory string // the datadir
	Namespace string // the namespace for database relevant metrics
	Cache     int    // the capacity(in megabytes) of the data caching
	Handles   int    // number of files to be open simultaneously
	ReadOnly  bool
}

// openKeyValueDatabase opens a disk-based key-value database, e.g. leveldb or pebble.
//
//	                      type == null          type != null
//	                   +----------------------------------------
//	db is non-existent |  pebble default  |  specified type
//	db is existent     |  from db         |  specified type (if compatible)
func openKeyValueDatabase(o OpenOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	// Reject any unsupported database type
	if len(o.Type) != 0 && o.Type != dbLeveldb && o.Type != dbPebble {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown db.engine %v", o.Type)
	}
	// Retrieve any pre-existing database's type and use that or the requested one
	// as long as there's no conflict between the two types
	existingDb := hasPreexistingDb(o.Directory)
	if len(existingDb) != 0 && len(o.Type) != 0 && o.Type != existingDb {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("db.engine choice was %v but found pre-existing %v database in specified data directory", o.Type, existingDb)
	}
	if o.Type == dbPebble || existingDb == dbPebble {
		if PebbleEnabled {
			log.Info("Using pebble as the backing database")
			return NewPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
		} else {
			return nil, errors.New("db.engine 'pebble' not supported on this platform")
		}
	}
	if o.Type == dbLeveldb || existingDb == dbLeveldb {
		log.Info("Using leveldb as the backing database")
		return NewLevelDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
	}
	// No pre-existing database, no user-requested one either. Default to Pebble
	// on supported platforms and LevelDB on anything else.
	if PebbleEnabled {
		log.Info("Defaulting to pebble as the backing database")
		return NewPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
	} else {
		log.Info("Defaulting to leveldb as the backing database")
		return NewLevelDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
	}
}

// Open opens both a disk-based key-value database such as leveldb or pebble, but also
// integrates it with a freezer database -- if the AncientDir option has been
// set on the provided OpenOptions.
// The passed o.AncientDir indicates the path of root ancient directory where
// the chain freezer can be opened.
func Open(o OpenOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	kvdb, err := openKeyValueDatabase(o)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return kvdb, nil
}

type counter uint64

func (c counter) String() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", c)
}

func (c counter) Percentage(current uint64) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", current*100/uint64(c))
}

// stat stores sizes and count for a parameter
type stat struct {
	size  common.StorageSize
	count counter
}

// Add size to the stat and increase the counter by 1
func (s *stat) Add(size common.StorageSize) {
	s.size += size
	s.count++
}

func (s *stat) Size() string {
	return s.size.String()
}

func (s *stat) Count() string {
	return s.count.String()
}

// InspectDatabase traverses the entire database and checks the size
// of all different categories of data.
func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
	it := db.NewIterator(keyPrefix, keyStart)
	defer it.Release()

	var (
		count  int64
		start  = time.Now()
		logged = time.Now()

		// Key-value store statistics
		headers         stat
		bodies          stat
		receipts        stat
		numHashPairings stat
		hashNumPairings stat
		tries           stat
		codes           stat
		txLookups       stat
		accountSnaps    stat
		storageSnaps    stat
		preimages       stat
		bloomBits       stat
		cliqueSnaps     stat

		// State sync statistics
		codeToFetch   stat
		syncProgress  stat
		syncSegments  stat
		syncPerformed stat

		// Les statistic
		chtTrieNodes   stat
		bloomTrieNodes stat

		// Meta- and unaccounted data
		metadata    stat
		unaccounted stat

		// Totals
		total common.StorageSize
	)
	// Inspect key-value database first.
	for it.Next() {
		var (
			key  = it.Key()
			size = common.StorageSize(len(key) + len(it.Value()))
		)
		total += size
		switch {
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerPrefix) && len(key) == (len(headerPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			headers.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, blockBodyPrefix) && len(key) == (len(blockBodyPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			bodies.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, blockReceiptsPrefix) && len(key) == (len(blockReceiptsPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			receipts.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerPrefix) && bytes.HasSuffix(key, headerHashSuffix):
			numHashPairings.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerNumberPrefix) && len(key) == (len(headerNumberPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			hashNumPairings.Add(size)
		case len(key) == common.HashLength:
			tries.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, CodePrefix) && len(key) == len(CodePrefix)+common.HashLength:
			codes.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, txLookupPrefix) && len(key) == (len(txLookupPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			txLookups.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, SnapshotAccountPrefix) && len(key) == (len(SnapshotAccountPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			accountSnaps.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, SnapshotStoragePrefix) && len(key) == (len(SnapshotStoragePrefix)+2*common.HashLength):
			storageSnaps.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, PreimagePrefix) && len(key) == (len(PreimagePrefix)+common.HashLength):
			preimages.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, configPrefix) && len(key) == (len(configPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			metadata.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, upgradeConfigPrefix) && len(key) == (len(upgradeConfigPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			metadata.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, bloomBitsPrefix) && len(key) == (len(bloomBitsPrefix)+10+common.HashLength):
			bloomBits.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, BloomBitsIndexPrefix):
			bloomBits.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, syncStorageTriesPrefix) && len(key) == syncStorageTriesKeyLength:
			syncProgress.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, syncSegmentsPrefix) && len(key) == syncSegmentsKeyLength:
			syncSegments.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, CodeToFetchPrefix) && len(key) == codeToFetchKeyLength:
			codeToFetch.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, syncPerformedPrefix) && len(key) == syncPerformedKeyLength:
			syncPerformed.Add(size)
		default:
			var accounted bool
			for _, meta := range [][]byte{
				databaseVersionKey, headHeaderKey, headBlockKey,
				snapshotRootKey, snapshotBlockHashKey, snapshotGeneratorKey,
				uncleanShutdownKey, syncRootKey, txIndexTailKey,
			} {
				if bytes.Equal(key, meta) {
					metadata.Add(size)
					accounted = true
					break
				}
			}
			if !accounted {
				unaccounted.Add(size)
			}
		}
		count++
		if count%1000 == 0 && time.Since(logged) > 8*time.Second {
			log.Info("Inspecting database", "count", count, "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
			logged = time.Now()
		}
	}
	// Display the database statistic.
	stats := [][]string{
		{"Key-Value store", "Headers", headers.Size(), headers.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Bodies", bodies.Size(), bodies.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Receipt lists", receipts.Size(), receipts.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Block number->hash", numHashPairings.Size(), numHashPairings.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Block hash->number", hashNumPairings.Size(), hashNumPairings.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Transaction index", txLookups.Size(), txLookups.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Bloombit index", bloomBits.Size(), bloomBits.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Contract codes", codes.Size(), codes.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Trie nodes", tries.Size(), tries.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Trie preimages", preimages.Size(), preimages.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Account snapshot", accountSnaps.Size(), accountSnaps.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Storage snapshot", storageSnaps.Size(), storageSnaps.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Clique snapshots", cliqueSnaps.Size(), cliqueSnaps.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Singleton metadata", metadata.Size(), metadata.Count()},
		{"Light client", "CHT trie nodes", chtTrieNodes.Size(), chtTrieNodes.Count()},
		{"Light client", "Bloom trie nodes", bloomTrieNodes.Size(), bloomTrieNodes.Count()},
		{"State sync", "Trie segments", syncSegments.Size(), syncSegments.Count()},
		{"State sync", "Storage tries to fetch", syncProgress.Size(), syncProgress.Count()},
		{"State sync", "Code to fetch", codeToFetch.Size(), codeToFetch.Count()},
		{"State sync", "Block numbers synced to", syncPerformed.Size(), syncPerformed.Count()},
	}
	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	table.SetHeader([]string{"Database", "Category", "Size", "Items"})
	table.SetFooter([]string{"", "Total", total.String(), " "})
	table.AppendBulk(stats)
	table.Render()

	if unaccounted.size > 0 {
		log.Error("Database contains unaccounted data", "size", unaccounted.size, "count", unaccounted.count)
	}
	return nil
}

// ClearPrefix removes all keys in db that begin with prefix and match an
// expected key length. [keyLen] should include the length of the prefix.
func ClearPrefix(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, prefix []byte, keyLen int) error {
	it := db.NewIterator(prefix, nil)
	defer it.Release()

	batch := db.NewBatch()
	for it.Next() {
		key := common.CopyBytes(it.Key())
		if len(key) != keyLen {
			// avoid deleting keys that do not match the expected length
			continue
		}
		if err := batch.Delete(key); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if batch.ValueSize() > ethdb.IdealBatchSize {
			if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
				return err
			}
			batch.Reset()
		}
	}
	if err := it.Error(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return batch.Write()
}