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Threat Model

  • Setting: public, permissionless, leaderless BFT consensus. Any validator may aggregate; there is no trusted combiner.
  • Adversary: static corruption of up to t−1 of the active committee, including the coordinator/aggregator role. Sees all broadcasts and the public chain.
  • Goal of the adversary: recover long-term key material (s1,s2,t0), forge, or grind the nonce/challenge.
  • Trust: the validator set (quorum) is the MPC party set for DKG and the NonceTranscript. A dishonest quorum is already a consensus-Byzantine break.
  • Leakage targets (must be hidden from a t−1 coalition AND the public chain): w, LowBits(w), c·s2, c·t0, r0, LowBits(w + c·t0 − c·s2), y_i, s1_i, s2_i, t0_i.
  • Public (allowed): w1 = HighBits(w), commitments, QCs, z, the final ML-DSA signature (c,z,h), signer bitmap, transcript roots.