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Seats went to the first N validators in canonical order, and canonical order is a lexicographic sort of node ids. A node id is a hash of the node's certificate, so an attacker grinds certificates offline until its ids sort first -- roughly 256 hashes per leading zero byte, and a zero byte encodes as the smallest base58 digit. Validator entry is permissionless, so that bought a seat in the share set of EVERY key the chain would ever generate, at the price of some hashing. Under the 2-of-3 default, two such seats were a quorum. Nothing needed to be reconstructed at that point: the holder runs the signing protocol locally with both shares and signs whatever it likes, off-chain, with no block produced and nothing to observe. Seats now follow weight, which cannot be ground -- entering the set costs stake proportional to the stake already there, the same cost as attacking consensus, so custody stops being the cheaper target. Node id still breaks ties, but now only between validators of equal stake, where grinding buys a position among peers you already had to match. Selection stays a pure function of replicated state, so every validator derives the same set without negotiating one; the ordering test runs it repeatedly because Go randomises map iteration and a selection that leaks it would give each validator a different set. The default policy is 3-of-5. Two seats are deliberately not a quorum, 2K > N still holds so the quorum is unique, and the end-to-end DKG-and-sign test now runs the real ceremony at that policy over the gossip fabric. Co-authored-by: Hanzo Dev <[email protected]>
Lux Chains
Independent VM plugin binaries for the Lux Network.
Each directory builds to a standalone binary that the Lux node loads as a plugin via --plugin-dir.
Build
make # build all VMs
make evm # build one VM
make test # test all
Install
lpm install evm
lpm install dexvm
Or copy binaries to ~/.lux/plugins/<vmid>.
VMs
One row per directory in this repo. make derives its target list from the
directory listing, so a VM that has no directory here has no binary — the table
below and ls can never disagree.
Live means the VM has a chain registered on Lux mainnet 96369
(platform.getBlockchains).
| VM | Chain | Live on 96369 | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| evm | C-Chain | ✅ | EVM smart contracts |
| dexvm | D-Chain | ✅ | Decentralized exchange |
| aivm | A-Chain | ✅ | AI/ML inference |
| bridgevm | B-Chain | ✅ | Cross-chain bridge — also owns all cross-chain messaging / relay / teleport (LP-6000); there is no separate teleportvm |
| graphvm | G-Chain | ✅ | GraphQL data layer |
| keyvm | K-Chain | ✅ | Key management |
| quantumvm | Q-Chain | ✅ | Post-quantum consensus signing (Pulsar) |
| zkvm | Z-Chain | ✅ | Groth16 over BLS12-381 (rolls N × ML-DSA-65 sigs into 192-byte proof) |
| identityvm | I-Chain | ❌ built, not deployed | Decentralized identity |
| oraclevm | O-Chain | ❌ built, not deployed | Oracle/off-chain data |
| relayvm | R-Chain | ❌ built, not deployed | Cross-chain relay |
| mpcvm | M-Chain | ❌ built, not deployed | MPC ceremonies (CGGMP21, FROST, Pulsar-general) — bridge custody for external wallets (LP-7100) |
| schain | S-Chain | ❌ built, not deployed | S3-style object storage (on-chain metadata / off-chain blob). Declares its own VMID = ids.ID{'s','c','h','a','i','n'} in schain/factory.go and is not in the canonical luxfi/constants VM-ID registry |
P-Chain (platformvm) and X-Chain (xvm) are in-process core VMs registered by
luxfi/node, not plugins built here. Together with the eight ✅ rows above they
are the ten chains live on 96369.
Not in this repo
| Name | Status |
|---|---|
teleportvm / T-Chain |
Removed. LP-134 dissolves T-Chain with zero remainder: threshold signing → M-Chain, FHE → F-Chain, cross-chain messaging/teleport → B-Chain (bridgevm). LP-5013 and LP-7330 are deprecated by LP-134; see LP-7050 for the migration map. No teleportvm VM ID exists in luxfi/constants. |
servicenodevm |
Never existed. The service-node registry was never built under this name; the S-Chain directory here is schain/ and is object storage, not a registry. |
fhevm / F-Chain |
Unbuilt. luxfi/constants reserves FHEVMID = {'f','h','e','v','m'} and luxfi/node/node/vms.go lists it in OptionalVMs as a plugin named fhevm, so luxd will scan --plugin-dir for it — but there is no fhevm/ directory in this repo and no plugin binary anywhere, so that scan always comes up empty. The FHE runtime library lives at mpcvm/fhe/; it is a package inside mpcvm, not a standalone chain. F-Chain is a spec (LP-8200, LP-167) with no shipping VM. |
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